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| ==Intro== | | ==Intro== |
| Acesta se vrea un mini ghid despre controlul unui motor pas cu pas unipolar cu ajutorul linux-ului si a portului lpt. | | Acesta se vrea un mini ghid despre controlul unui motor pas cu pas unipolar cu ajutorul linux-ului si a portului lpt. |
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| + | |
| + | ==Motoarele pas cu pas unipoloare== |
| + | Motoarele la care voi face referinta sunt motoare de curent continuu care se alimenteaza la 12-25V si au proprietatea de a putea |
| + | controla fiecare pas facut de aceste motoare. Un pas are de obicei 1,8 grade, ceea ce inseamna ca o rotatie completa inseamna 200 |
| + | de pasi. |
| + | Motoarele pas cu pas unipolare au de obicei 5 sau 6 fire, exista si cu 8 fire dar exista posibilitatea ca acestea sa fie si bipolare. |
| + | |
| + | Schema unui motor cu 5 fire [[Image:5wire.jpg]] |
| + | Schema unui motor cu 6 fire [[Image:6wire.jpg]] |
| + | |
| + | Asa cum observam din cele doua scheme constructia este asemanatoare, singura diferenta fiind alimentarea. La motorul cu 5 fire numai un fir este de alimentare (firul marcat common) restul de control la cel cu 6 fire sunt 2 fire de alimentare (firele marcate A si B). Daca la motorul cu 6 fire unim cele 2 fire de alimentare obtinem un motor pas cu pas cu 5. Concluzia daca invatam sa comandam unul din cele 2 il vom comanda si pe celalalt. |
| + | Pentru a afla care sunt firele noastre de alimentare vom masura rezistenta intre fire. Intre firul de alimentare si capete va fi o |
| + | rezistenta pe jumatate decat in cazul masurarii rezistentei intre 2 capete. La motorul cu 6 fire Orice combinatie A(+-)B(+-) nu va intoarce nici o rezistenta cele 2 fire nefiind legate. |
| + | Motoarele pas cu pas se controleaza aplicand o tensiune pe firele de control. Modul de control este prezentat in figura urmatoare: |
| + | |
| + | [[Image:Step.gif]] |
| + | |
| + | Pentru schimbarea sensului de rotatie pur si simplu se trimit comenzile in sens invers. |
| + | |
| + | ==Schema portului lpt== |
| + | [[Image:Lpt.jpg]] |
| + | Asa cum se vede si din imagine pinii 18-25 sunt pentru masa, iar cei folositi de noi pentru transmiterea datelor vor fi pinii 2-8 |
| + | |
| + | ==Cum facem montajul== |
| + | Deoarece motorul lucreaza cu tensiuni cu mult peste posibilitatile portului nostru lpt. O sa avem nevoie de o alimentare externa, |
| + | dar si de o protectie a portului nostru. Pentru aceasta o sa folosim cipul uln2003 sau uln2803a si o dioda zenner de 12V |
| + | |
| + | Schema este urmatoarea [[Image:Lptmot.jpg]] |
| + | |
| + | Trebuie sa mai adaugam o legatura intre unul din pinii de gnd(18-25) de la portul lpt cu masa si una de la pin-ul gnd al chip-ului cu masa. Si sa avem grija, ca firele motorului sa fie legate A+B+A-B- la pinii 2-5 ai portului lpt. |
| + | |
| + | ==Programul de test== |
| + | <code><c/> |
| + | #include <stdio.h> |
| + | #include <stdlib.h> |
| + | #include <fcntl.h> |
| + | #include <unistd.h> |
| + | #include <asm/io.h> |
| + | |
| + | #define porta 0x378 |
| + | |
| + | const char *filename; |
| + | |
| + | int main(int argc,char *argv[]) { |
| + | |
| + | int fd; |
| + | filename = "/dev/lp0"; |
| + | |
| + | ioperm(porta,3L,1); |
| + | fd = open(filename, O_RDWR); |
| + | if (fd < 0) { |
| + | printf("bla bla bla eroare %s\n", filename); |
| + | exit(1); |
| + | } |
| + | |
| + | for (;;){ |
| + | outb(3,porta); |
| + | usleep(20*1000); |
| + | outb(6,porta); |
| + | usleep(20*1000); |
| + | outb(12,porta); |
| + | usleep(20*1000); |
| + | outb(9,porta); |
| + | usleep(20*1000); |
| + | } |
| + | |
| + | close(fd); |
| + | exit(0); |
| + | } |
| + | </code> |
| + | |
| + | [[Category:Howto]] |
| + | [[Category:Programming]] |
Revision as of 12:42, 13 February 2006
Intro
Acesta se vrea un mini ghid despre controlul unui motor pas cu pas unipolar cu ajutorul linux-ului si a portului lpt.
Motoarele pas cu pas unipoloare
Motoarele la care voi face referinta sunt motoare de curent continuu care se alimenteaza la 12-25V si au proprietatea de a putea
controla fiecare pas facut de aceste motoare. Un pas are de obicei 1,8 grade, ceea ce inseamna ca o rotatie completa inseamna 200
de pasi.
Motoarele pas cu pas unipolare au de obicei 5 sau 6 fire, exista si cu 8 fire dar exista posibilitatea ca acestea sa fie si bipolare.
Schema unui motor cu 5 fire
Schema unui motor cu 6 fire
Asa cum observam din cele doua scheme constructia este asemanatoare, singura diferenta fiind alimentarea. La motorul cu 5 fire numai un fir este de alimentare (firul marcat common) restul de control la cel cu 6 fire sunt 2 fire de alimentare (firele marcate A si B). Daca la motorul cu 6 fire unim cele 2 fire de alimentare obtinem un motor pas cu pas cu 5. Concluzia daca invatam sa comandam unul din cele 2 il vom comanda si pe celalalt.
Pentru a afla care sunt firele noastre de alimentare vom masura rezistenta intre fire. Intre firul de alimentare si capete va fi o
rezistenta pe jumatate decat in cazul masurarii rezistentei intre 2 capete. La motorul cu 6 fire Orice combinatie A(+-)B(+-) nu va intoarce nici o rezistenta cele 2 fire nefiind legate.
Motoarele pas cu pas se controleaza aplicand o tensiune pe firele de control. Modul de control este prezentat in figura urmatoare:
Pentru schimbarea sensului de rotatie pur si simplu se trimit comenzile in sens invers.
Schema portului lpt
Asa cum se vede si din imagine pinii 18-25 sunt pentru masa, iar cei folositi de noi pentru transmiterea datelor vor fi pinii 2-8
Cum facem montajul
Deoarece motorul lucreaza cu tensiuni cu mult peste posibilitatile portului nostru lpt. O sa avem nevoie de o alimentare externa,
dar si de o protectie a portului nostru. Pentru aceasta o sa folosim cipul uln2003 sau uln2803a si o dioda zenner de 12V
Schema este urmatoarea
Trebuie sa mai adaugam o legatura intre unul din pinii de gnd(18-25) de la portul lpt cu masa si una de la pin-ul gnd al chip-ului cu masa. Si sa avem grija, ca firele motorului sa fie legate A+B+A-B- la pinii 2-5 ai portului lpt.
Programul de test
<c/>
- include <stdio.h>
- include <stdlib.h>
- include <fcntl.h>
- include <unistd.h>
- include <asm/io.h>
- define porta 0x378
const char *filename;
int main(int argc,char *argv[]) {
int fd;
filename = "/dev/lp0";
ioperm(porta,3L,1);
fd = open(filename, O_RDWR);
if (fd < 0) {
printf("bla bla bla eroare %s\n", filename);
exit(1);
}
for (;;){
outb(3,porta);
usleep(20*1000);
outb(6,porta);
usleep(20*1000);
outb(12,porta);
usleep(20*1000);
outb(9,porta);
usleep(20*1000);
}
close(fd);
exit(0);
}